Humans have long used tools to assist their daily aktiviti example in the estimates. Between the estimates of the earliest examples is dacing tool, which allows heavy compared to some things. When an abacus or counting frame is the first tool used to think. History has erti perkomputeran very important to us. During the two last dekad has a lot going something shocking but not as vibrant as the history of electronic computers. At the age where people live and work, the discovery of a computer by John V. Atanasoff (1942) can be classified in one of the important events in history. However, all does not just happen. There are several inventions and events in the past that underlies it all.
Ancient History Modern History of electronic computers are considered beginning in 1942, but the findings sebelumnyalah a bigger role in the findings of an electronic computer the next.
Abacus Abacus manual calculators may be the first in the world. Abacus (might) have found at least 5000 years ago. His ability has been proven since used as a means of computing in schools and perbisnesan Modern. Now known as the abacus more cipoa. In fact, the abacus came from Egypt, but by the Chinese people brought to the country so changed its name to cipoa.
Blaise Pascal Pascaline (1623-1662), an expert on philosophy and mathematics, found the first mechanical computing device in the form of machinery. The tool is called the Pascaline and use the 'Wheel timers' to add up numbers. Although Pascal was praised for his discovery that the whole of Europe, but Pasaline is a tool that is difficult to repair if damaged. Pascal only course that could improve the tool, so that entrepreneurs consider these tools are too complex. Also during the labor field arithmetic is very cheap compared to the field of machine labor.
However design 'Wheel timers' are still used by all means count at least until mid-1960. Then the mechanical calculation tool has been considered obsolete since the advent of electronic computing devices.
Babbage's Folly Maybe Charles Babbage (1792-1871) which has accelerated the development of computers since the 1600s. He is advancing in the field of hardware perkomputeran by finding a difference engine that allows the calculation of mathematical tables. In 1834, when it intends to develop his Difference Engine, Babbage found the idea of the analytical engine. People who are skeptics called his discovery the name of Babbage's Folly (stupidity Babbage). Babbage worked with penganalisanya machine to death.
Babbage thoughts are detailed (research results) to describe the characteristics of the modern electronic computer. Since Babbage was born in the era of electronic technology, electronic counting machines may have been discovered much earlier. Ironically, the earlier pioneers in the development of electronic counting machines are not aware of his ideas about memory, printers, and a series of punched-card programmable controller.
Punched-card equipment punched-card Jacquard loom First discovered in 1801 and still in use today, these devices are controlled by punched-card (punched-card). Punched-card was found by a French man named Joseph-Marie Jacquard (1752-1834). Is the core of the punched hole-cards and these cards show designs for fabrics.
Babbage wanted to apply the concept of punched-card Jacquard loom for his analytical engine. In 1843, Lady Augusta Lovelace's punched-card rate can be designed to instruct Babbage's analytical engine to repeat certain operations. Upon its review, some people think Lady Lovelace as the first programmer (although still debated).
The emergence of the U.S. Automatic Data Processing Bureau of Cencus did not complete a census since 1880 to nearly 1888. Bureau leaders to stop immediately before lasted for 10 years. The U.S. Commission Bureau, Herman Hollerith a statistician to use his expertise in the use of punched-card for the census in 1890. With punched-card processing and Hollerith machines (Hollerith's punched-card machine), the census can be completed within 2.5 years. This is the start of processing data automatically. Dr toil. Hollerith proved once again that "needs a mother's invention."
Hollerith founded the Tabulating Machine Company and sell their products worldwide. Request Hollerith machines spread to Russia. The first census in Russia (1897), using Hollerith machines. In 1911, Hollerith Tabulating Company merged with several other companies and renamed the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company.
Electromechanical Accounting Machine Results (outputs) of the Hollerith machine still had to be handwritten until the year 1919-Computing-Tabulating Recording Company announced that it has created a printer / lister that over time the company changed the way of life. To expand its reach, in 1924 the company changed its name to International Business Machines Corporation (IBM).
Until the mid-1950s, punched-card technology improved with the addition of a few tools and a more intelligent capabilities. On each card typically contains a record (eg name and address), the punched-card processing there is also known as record-processing units (one card = one record). Although the interactive programming and on-line data entry punched-card has been made economically obsolete, we can still be found in isolated places (maybe not in Indonesia).
Family of punched-card machines Electromechanical Accounting Machine (Canada's EAM buys) are available by punch cards, verifiers, reproducer, summary punch, interpreters, Sorter, collator, calculator, and accounting machines. Most of these tools in the program to perform a special operation by inserting the control board is prewired. A different panel is connected (wired) for each type of operation to work.
Room punched-card processing machine that uses punched-card has opened up job opportunities. Some of the room like a factory. Punched-card and printouts from the printer was transferred from another device to another using hand carts. Noise level is not much different from a car factory.
To prepare the archives punched-card to be processed, these cards have been sorted and organized. Because each of the tools punched-card operate freely, several steps called the "machine steps" needed to produce the output. In a single step, every file read one card at a time. In most modern information systems, only part of the required databases are processed, usually in one step.
Ancient History Modern History of electronic computers are considered beginning in 1942, but the findings sebelumnyalah a bigger role in the findings of an electronic computer the next.
Abacus Abacus manual calculators may be the first in the world. Abacus (might) have found at least 5000 years ago. His ability has been proven since used as a means of computing in schools and perbisnesan Modern. Now known as the abacus more cipoa. In fact, the abacus came from Egypt, but by the Chinese people brought to the country so changed its name to cipoa.
Blaise Pascal Pascaline (1623-1662), an expert on philosophy and mathematics, found the first mechanical computing device in the form of machinery. The tool is called the Pascaline and use the 'Wheel timers' to add up numbers. Although Pascal was praised for his discovery that the whole of Europe, but Pasaline is a tool that is difficult to repair if damaged. Pascal only course that could improve the tool, so that entrepreneurs consider these tools are too complex. Also during the labor field arithmetic is very cheap compared to the field of machine labor.
However design 'Wheel timers' are still used by all means count at least until mid-1960. Then the mechanical calculation tool has been considered obsolete since the advent of electronic computing devices.
Babbage's Folly Maybe Charles Babbage (1792-1871) which has accelerated the development of computers since the 1600s. He is advancing in the field of hardware perkomputeran by finding a difference engine that allows the calculation of mathematical tables. In 1834, when it intends to develop his Difference Engine, Babbage found the idea of the analytical engine. People who are skeptics called his discovery the name of Babbage's Folly (stupidity Babbage). Babbage worked with penganalisanya machine to death.
Babbage thoughts are detailed (research results) to describe the characteristics of the modern electronic computer. Since Babbage was born in the era of electronic technology, electronic counting machines may have been discovered much earlier. Ironically, the earlier pioneers in the development of electronic counting machines are not aware of his ideas about memory, printers, and a series of punched-card programmable controller.
Punched-card equipment punched-card Jacquard loom First discovered in 1801 and still in use today, these devices are controlled by punched-card (punched-card). Punched-card was found by a French man named Joseph-Marie Jacquard (1752-1834). Is the core of the punched hole-cards and these cards show designs for fabrics.
Babbage wanted to apply the concept of punched-card Jacquard loom for his analytical engine. In 1843, Lady Augusta Lovelace's punched-card rate can be designed to instruct Babbage's analytical engine to repeat certain operations. Upon its review, some people think Lady Lovelace as the first programmer (although still debated).
The emergence of the U.S. Automatic Data Processing Bureau of Cencus did not complete a census since 1880 to nearly 1888. Bureau leaders to stop immediately before lasted for 10 years. The U.S. Commission Bureau, Herman Hollerith a statistician to use his expertise in the use of punched-card for the census in 1890. With punched-card processing and Hollerith machines (Hollerith's punched-card machine), the census can be completed within 2.5 years. This is the start of processing data automatically. Dr toil. Hollerith proved once again that "needs a mother's invention."
Hollerith founded the Tabulating Machine Company and sell their products worldwide. Request Hollerith machines spread to Russia. The first census in Russia (1897), using Hollerith machines. In 1911, Hollerith Tabulating Company merged with several other companies and renamed the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company.
Electromechanical Accounting Machine Results (outputs) of the Hollerith machine still had to be handwritten until the year 1919-Computing-Tabulating Recording Company announced that it has created a printer / lister that over time the company changed the way of life. To expand its reach, in 1924 the company changed its name to International Business Machines Corporation (IBM).
Until the mid-1950s, punched-card technology improved with the addition of a few tools and a more intelligent capabilities. On each card typically contains a record (eg name and address), the punched-card processing there is also known as record-processing units (one card = one record). Although the interactive programming and on-line data entry punched-card has been made economically obsolete, we can still be found in isolated places (maybe not in Indonesia).
Family of punched-card machines Electromechanical Accounting Machine (Canada's EAM buys) are available by punch cards, verifiers, reproducer, summary punch, interpreters, Sorter, collator, calculator, and accounting machines. Most of these tools in the program to perform a special operation by inserting the control board is prewired. A different panel is connected (wired) for each type of operation to work.
Room punched-card processing machine that uses punched-card has opened up job opportunities. Some of the room like a factory. Punched-card and printouts from the printer was transferred from another device to another using hand carts. Noise level is not much different from a car factory.
To prepare the archives punched-card to be processed, these cards have been sorted and organized. Because each of the tools punched-card operate freely, several steps called the "machine steps" needed to produce the output. In a single step, every file read one card at a time. In most modern information systems, only part of the required databases are processed, usually in one step.
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